It's a personal choice and experience will show which works best for you.įor each of the four extractions, we carried out multiple washes in order to separate the maximum amount of resin from the material first we ran the washing machine for three minutes before draining, separating and collecting the trichome heads, next we washed for six minutes, then nine, 12 and finally 15 minutes each for the last few washes, until the temperature of the water rose above 1✬ and the quality and quantity of the resin collected visibly declined and we decided further extraction wouldn't yield much of any worth.Ĭollected resin after a few days in the fridgeĪfter collection, even at an ambient temperature of 10✬ the resin (in particular that of the fresh-frozen material) was far too sticky too break up for drying, so it was transferred to the freezer for a few days to harden it before we micro-planed (grated) it into a powder, thus facilitating drying, which took place in a fridge over the course of two weeks. The use of a 220 micron zip-close work bag inside the machine can be a useful idea to save time and mess, while some may prefer to wash the material loose, thus allowing it to circulate freely in the water. Various types of quality and sizes of filter bags are available for making hash, but for this project we used a 5-bag set of Pure Extract Bags to filter the water and separate the vegetable matter (220) and the different sizes of trichome heads by micron size from (160>120>73>25). ![]() Hand-stirring in a bucket is a perfectly viable option for smaller quantities or if you don't have a washing machine. In this case, the material was processed in a medium-sized portable washing machine, but smaller and larger machines are available depending on your need. The process of making ice water hash Extraction process Here we'll just share a few details of the extraction, but for a much more in-depth guide on making your own bubble hash, read our other article on the subject: How to make ice water hash. It's usually enough to let the material soak in ice-cold water for around 20-30 minutes before proceeding with the extraction process. This is to ensure a cleaner end product, avoiding any contamination of the hash by plant debris that could result from agitating dry and brittle flowers. The same equipment and techniques are used when processing fresh-frozen or dried material, the only difference being that dried flowers will need to be rehydrated before starting the extraction. Once dry, the buds were transferred to ziplock bags and stored in the freezer for another month before processing. To make sure that the comparison between the two different extraction methods is as fair and even-handed as possible, the flowers we will be comparing are from the same plants, two different phenotypes of the variety R-Kiem from Spanish seed bank R-Kiem Seeds, specialists in breeding genetics highly suitable for extractions. Each plant was processed separately both in its dried and its fresh-frozen form, meaning a total of four different extractions for comparison purposes.īoth plants were grown outdoors in full sun and the flowers were collected when fully mature toward the end of October.Īt harvest time, approximately half of each plant was trimmed and frozen immediately while the other half of each plant was trimmed and hung to dry slowly in the dark at 50-60% RH/13✬ over the course of a month. The fresh-frozen approach can also be useful if you don't have sufficient time or space to hang and dry your plants, but dried flowers will occupy less volume in the freezer than fresh-frozen material, being less bulky and heavy. Many hash-makers claim that processing fresh-frozen plant material offers greater yields and higher terpene content, while others maintain that using dried material results in a more stable and longer-lasting product, less prone to degradation over time. The goal of this experiment is to examine the differences in both yield and quality between these two approaches and determine the pros and cons, as each one has its advocates and detractors. In this article, we will be examining and comparing the two most popular approaches to making ice water hash, bubble hash or Ice-O-Lator from cannabis buds: In the first two extractions, we will be using fresh-frozen material to make the hash, while the second two extractions will be carried out using dried, cured flowers.
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Studios. GRIM #1 features main cover art by series artist Flaviano, and variant cover art by acclaimed artists Jenny Frison ( Wonder Woman), Mike Del Mundo ( Thor), and Dave Johnson ( Superman). “So it’s no surprise that I can’t stop drawing Jess and all the other reapers from this mysterious, funny, sad, weird story about the search for your true self and place in the world.” She did an amazing job setting the groundwork for a character that you can’t help but love,” said Flaviano. “I love to draw new characters and share that excitement of creation with brilliant authors like Stephanie. His comics have been published by Disney, Dargaud, BOOM! Studios, Marvel, DC Comics and Sergio Bonelli Editore. Living in Rome, Flaviano has handled storyboarding and character design for studios such as Filmax, Motionworks, Xilam, Rainbow. “ GRIM is dark and brooding and fixated on death… and also one of the most fun series I’ve ever written! With demons, reapers, departed souls, and Flaviano’s artwork, you’ll be dying to read more!” said Phillips.įlaviano is an artist working in comics and animation. Outside of comics, Stephanie also holds a PhD in rhetoric and composition. Her stories and comics have appeared from DC, AfterShock, Oni Press, Heavy Metal, Dark Horse, Top Cow/Image, and more. Stephanie Phillips is an American writer known for comics and graphic novels such as Harley Quinn, Wonder Woman: Evolution, and The Butcher of Paris. In order to unravel the mystery of her own demise, she’ll have to solve an even bigger one – where is the actual GRIM REAPER? But unlike the rest of the Reapers, she has no memory of what killed her and put her into this predicament. ![]() But her journey has only just begun! Discover the world of the afterlife, where Jessica has been recruited as a Reaper, tasked with ferrying countless souls to their final destination. 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It wasn’t until 1970 however, when Jones began to devote his attention fully to bodybuilding, that a mass produced Jones’ machine would hit gyms around the United States.Ĭreated as part of Jones’ high intensity ethos, he modestly titled his pullover machine ‘the upper body squat’ Writing in Ironman Magazine in 1970, Jones waxed lyrical about his device ![]() Jones, the man behind the infamous Colorado experiment and the founder of Nautilus, first created a pullover machine in 1948. What is fascinating about this particular period was the introduction of the machine pullover thanks to the controversial Arthur Jones. Frank in particular credited the exercise for helping to develop his famous vacuum pose shown below. It was a favourite and highly regarded movement which, in the advent of the ‘golden age’ of bodybuilding, continued to flourish.Īs noted by Frank Zane, the 1960s and 70s saw bodybuilding aficionados from Bill Pearl to Mike Mentzer use the pullover exercise to build their chest and lat muscles. Joseph Curtis Hise included it as part of his essential chest exercises in 1946 while Reg Park regularly used over 200 lbs. This was the case not only for proponents of the 20 rep squat like Peary Rader and Mark Berry but also, as shown by Randy Roach, men like Bob Hoffman and Joe Weider. In any case were you to chat to someone from the mid-twentieth century about the importance or usefulness of the pullover exercise, you would likely have been told that it was essential for anyone seeking to gain weight and muscle. In later years the combination was seen as a form of active rest. The reasoning for this combination followed Calvert’s in that it was believed to extend the size of the rib cage. ![]() Much to the delight and torture of gym goers, this programme advised a heavy set of squats followed by a set of lightweight and high rep pullovers. As detailed previously on this website, the 1920s and 30s saw the emergence of weight gaining programmes based on a system of 20 rep squats. While Calvert can perhaps be credited with first introducing the exercise to a mass audience, the pullover’s true popularisation came a decade later with the emergence of squat based hypertrophy programmes. Coupled with this was the pullover’s positive effect on breath capacity. In the first instance it was seen to help increase the size of the rib cage and build muscle. Interestingly Calvert praised the pullover on two fronts. ![]() Described by Calvert as “the very best exercise for increasing the size of the rib-box”, the pullover was highlighted as an exercise of great importance. While it has proven nigh on impossible to find the first exerciser to use the pullover exercise, the lifting community has often pointed to Alan Calvert’s 1911, Super Strengthbook as a pivotal moment in the exercise’s popularity. That the pullover movement, not to be confused with the pullover and press exercise, was linked to improved breathing capacity surely helped to elevate its importance at this time. Muller devised whole workouts around the ability to breath deeply, newspaper columnists such as the Irish Times’ ‘Huck Finn’ advised dumbbell deep breathing exercises akin to the Wills’ Cards. It was here that the pullover exercise was first devised. One point that constantly fascinates me was the interest and popularity in ‘deep breathing’ exercises used in conjunction with traditional weightlifting. Much to my shame given the fact that my PhD research encompasses this era, I have been rather slack about discussing some of the more unusual exercises from this time. The pullover exercise has fallen from grace in the lifting community, from a once hallowed movement to a more niche and often poorly executed assistance lift.Īs attested by the Wills photographs above, the pullover exercise was fairly common knowledge amongst physical culturists in the opening decade of the twentieth-century. So today, we’ll begin by examining the popularity and history of the pullover from the early to late twentieth-century. As is so often the case, I set to work uncovering the history of this particular movement with the result being this very article. They can form on the lips, chin, cheeks or nose. 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The future of hybrid and electric boatingīoats like this Greenline 40 take advantage of modern hybrid tech to burn less fuel, create fewer emissions, and make less noise.Cutting-edge concept designs in solar boating.Electric and hybrid marine engine manufacturers.Fully electric marine propulsion systems.The technology behind electric and hybrid boating.What are the problems with marine hybrid and electric boating?.Hybrid and electric boats and the current marine market.What are the benefits associated with hybrid and electric boats?.In this guide we’ll take a look at some of the boat brands, models, engines, manufacturers, and propulsion systems that are beginning to heat up the solar, electric/gas and alternative energy market in 2022 – bringing sustainability to the forefront of the marine industry. New technologically advanced boat models are now making hybrid gas/electric and electric propulsion not only feasible but also enjoyable. 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